What Are Terpenes in CBD Oil and How Do They Work?
While CBD is CBD, not all CBD oils are created equal. The spotlight often shines solely on CBD itself, however, if you delve a little deeper, you’ll discover a rich tapestry of compounds, including cannabinoids and terpenes, each contributing uniquely to the therapeutic potential of the cannabis (or hemp) plant.
As we explore the intricate relationship between cannabinoids, terpenes, and the benefits they offer, the more we uncover the synergistic interplay of these natural compounds, and the important role terpenes can play in your well-being.
CBD, short for cannabidiol, is the primary compound in CBD oil, renowned for its myriad potential health benefits. However, it’s just one of over 140 cannabinoids, many of which boast beneficial properties.
Beyond cannabinoids, there are also over 100 terpenes, aromatic compounds found in the cannabis plant, now recognised for their therapeutic potential. However, many CBD products often only contain isolated CBD suspended in a carrier oil, lacking the comprehensive benefits of cannabinoids and terpenes.
When selecting CBD oil, the choice between full-spectrum and CBD isolate products will make all the difference to your experience. Full-spectrum CBD oil contains a spectrum of cannabinoids and terpenes, harnessing the entourage effect - the synergistic interaction between these compounds that enhances their overall therapeutic potential. In contrast, CBD isolate contains only pure CBD, devoid of other beneficial cannabinoids and terpenes.
Although terpenes are often overshadowed by cannabinoids, they play a crucial role in the therapeutic effects of CBD oil and medical cannabis. But these organic compounds are not exclusive to cannabis; they're prevalent in nature, imbuing various plants with distinctive aromas and properties. With approximately 55,000 terpenes in nature, their diverse effects extend beyond fragrance, encompassing anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-anxiety attributes.
Cannabis plants boast an exceptional abundance of terpenes, with some strains containing up to 100 types. This terpene diversity contributes to the aromatic profiles of different cannabis strains and enhances their medicinal effects, too.
Researchers Judith Jorg Booth and Bohlmann even described terpenes and terpene/cannabinoid-rich resin as ‘the most valuable cannabis products’, due to the wide variety of different psychoactive and medicinal properties. Pinene, myrcene, limonene, and B-caryophyllene are among the most abundant terpenes found in cannabis, and these are the ones you’re likely to find in high-quality CBD products too - each offering unique therapeutic properties, so let’s explore what those are.
Pinene
If you walk through the woods and take a deep breath, you’ll inhale a whole load of this wonderful terpene. As the name suggests, Pinene is found in high levels in pine, as well as cannabis and many other plants including basil and rosemary. The aroma is distinctly reminiscent of the fresh scent of a forest.
What Pinene has to offer goes far beyond scent. This remarkable terpene, which is most commonly found terpene in nature (and cannabis) has been found to exhibit bronchodilator (increasing airflow) and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as providing anticoagulant, antitumor, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-Leishmania, and analgesic properties.
Myrcene
Known as the "sleepy terpene," myrcene offers sedative and pain-relieving properties, promoting relaxation and sleep. Many CBD oils created for sleep are infused with this terpene, which can also be found in hops, mango and lemongrass. It’s one of the most abundant terpenes in cannabis, accounting for up to 65% of terpene content in certain cultivars.
As well as supporting sleep, myrcene has also been found to offer stress relief and pain management qualities. One study explains that ‘the synergistic relationship between myrcene and the cannabinoids within the cannabis plant is one of crucial significance due to the plethora of benefits this fruity, earthy and musky compound brings to the table'.
Limonene
Limonene is found in high levels in citrus fruits as well as hemp, and offers a multitude of benefits beyond its refreshing scent. This terpene is commonly used in many cosmetic and household cleaning products, as well as food. With its anti-depressant qualities, limonene has garnered attention for its potential to uplift mood and promote mental well-being.
Limonene also has a unique ability to enhance the absorption of other molecules, meaning its inclusion in CBD oil could boost the overall effects by maximising their efficacy. In addition to its mood-enhancing properties, limonene exhibits potent antimicrobial effects. Its ability to combat bacteria and fungi adds another dimension to its therapeutic potential.
B-Caryophyllene
B-Caryophyllene, often referred to as a 'dietary cannabinoid,' stands out for its unique interaction with the endocannabinoid system. It has a spicy, musky aroma, and can also be found in black pepper, cloves and cinnamon, but B-Caryophyllene's therapeutic benefits extend far beyond its scent profile. Unlike other terpenes, b-caryophyllene activates endocannabinoid systems like CBD molecules, as well as showcasing anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer properties.
CBD Products at Orange County CBD
At Orange County, we hold a deep appreciation for terpenes and their role in optimising the CBD experience. Our commitment to high-quality CBD oil extends beyond industry standards, encompassing a dedication to preserving the integrity of terpenes and delivering premium products that prioritise efficacy and purity.
By embracing the synergy between cannabinoids and terpenes, we invite our customers to embark on a journey of wellness guided by the natural wonders of CBD oil enriched with the essence of citrus fruits and the therapeutic potential of terpenes.